Notes to the consolidated financial statements
for financial year 2017/18

Description of business

Strategy

dormakaba Group is one of the leading companies in the global security and access solutions market. With its excellent product and solutions portfolio along the entire value chain, the Group provides its customers with products, solutions and services for anything related to access to buildings and rooms from a single source. dormakaba has distribution channels and production facilities in all of the industries’ key markets and will accelerate global expansion through the strengthened presence in Europe, the Americas and Asia Pacific. dormakaba is a growth-oriented company with a strong anchor shareholder group that will ensure its long-term oriented strategy. In order to grow profitably and to maximize the creation of value for all its stakeholders, dormakaba focuses on a clearly defined strategy with the following elements:

• Superior offering for needs along life cycle;
• Expanded presence in markets and verticals;
• Drive enterprise excellence along the value chain;
• Leadership in innovation for superior customer value;
• Optimized management of the business portfolio and disciplined M & A activities;
• Have the right people at the right place.

These strategic pillars are based on the two foundations of sustainability and enhancing the global brand power.

Operating model

dormakaba has divided the areas of business in which the company is globally active into five segments. Access Solutions (AS), which comprises four segments, is structured by region: AS AMER (North and South America), AS APAC (Asia Pacific), AS DACH (Germany, Austria, and Switzerland), and AS EMEA (Europe, Middle East, and Africa). The segment Key & Wall Solutions is globally positioned.

In order to meet customers’ needs in the most effective way, dormakaba’s operating model is based on a matrix structure and therefore all four Access Solutions segments have a dual responsibility. The global Access Solutions product portfolio is arranged into eight global Product Clusters, and is assigned to specific segments along with the relevant production facilities, regardless of the geographic location: Lodging Systems, Safe Locks, Door Hardware, Interior Glass Systems, Entrance Systems, Mechanical Key Systems, Services, and Electronic Access & Data. These global Product Clusters are complemented by local products in all Access Solutions segments. dormakaba operates in the following businesses on a worldwide basis:

• Access Solutions AMER (AS AMER): The AS AMER segment includes dormakaba Group’s business activities for access solutions in North and South America. AS AMER also has overall responsibility across all segments for the global Product Clusters Services, Lodging Systems, and Safe Locks.
• Access Solutions APAC (AS APAC): This segment includes dormakaba Group’s business activities for access solutions in the Asia-Pacific region.
• Access Solutions DACH (AS DACH): The AS DACH segment includes the dormakaba Group’s business activities for access solutions in Germany, Austria, and Switzerland. AS DACH also has cross-segment responsibility for the following global Product Clusters: Door Hardware, Interior Glass Systems, and Entrance Systems, including the associated production facilities and competence centers, in particular in Singapore, Suzhou (China), Melaka (Malaysia), and Sofia (Bulgaria).
• Access Solutions EMEA (AS EMEA): This segment includes the dormakaba Group’s business activities for access solutions in Europe (excluding DACH), the Middle East, and Africa. AS EMEA also has cross-segment responsibility for the global Product Clusters Mechanical Key Systems and Electronic Access & Data, including the associated production facilities and competence centers, in particular in Wetzikon and Rümlang (Switzerland), Herzogenburg and Eggenburg (Austria), and Villingen-Schwenningen (Germany). 
• Key & Wall Solutions: On 20 November 2017, dormakaba combined the segments Key Systems and Movable Walls into one segment Key & Wall Solutions. Key Systems is a globally active business and includes the product categories Keys, Key Cutting Machines, and Automotive Solutions.
  
  Movable Walls has global activities in the space-dividing systems sector where it is specialized in acoustic movable partitions and in horizontal and vertical partitioning systems. The segment has production facilities in Europe, North and South America and Asia.
  
  
• Other: This segment contains business activities which do not fit into the basic segment structure and mainly consist of operations involving contactless identification systems and trusted services based on Legic SmartCard and Connect technologies.

Offering

dormakaba stands for security, sustainability, and reliability and aims to develop products, solutions, and services that make life for its customers more simple and secure. dormakaba offers an expanded, comprehensive portfolio of products, solutions, and services for access to buildings and rooms from a single source – in hotels, shops, sporting venues, airports, hospitals, in the home or at the office. The product offering includes:

• For the Access Solutions segments: The four AS segments AMER, APAC, DACH and EMEA include all hardware- and software-based components, products, and solutions for access solutions as well as relevant services. The offering includes the global Product Clusters Door Hardware, Entrance Systems, Electronic Access & Data, Interior Glass Systems, Lodging Systems, Mechanical Key Systems, Safe Locks and Services, as well as local products. The multifaceted portfolio ranges from door technology solutions, automatic door systems, a wide variety of fittings, door closers and stoppers, and locking systems – from cylinders, keys, and locks all the way up to fully networked electronic access solutions for companies, public facilities, hotels, and many other applications. The range also includes physical access systems, high-security locks, glass fittings, solutions for workforce management, as well as services for all these applications.
• In segment Key & Wall Solutions the globally active business units Key Systems and Movable Walls are combined. Key Systems offers a high-performance range of key blanks and mechanical, electronic and (semi-)industrial key-cutting and origination machines. In addition, the portfolio also covers solutions for the automotive industry, such as vehicle keys, transponders as well as key programming devices and duplication equipment. Movable Walls is specialized on acoustic movable partitions and on horizontal and vertical sliding walls. The business is globally active and offers partitions available from a manual application to fully automatic / electronic walls.
  
  

Parent company of the Group

The parent company of the Group is dormakaba Holding AG, which is a company limited by shares, incorporated and domiciled in Rümlang (Switzerland). The address of its registered office is: Hofwisenstrasse 24, 8153 Rümlang, Switzerland. The company is listed on the SIX Swiss Exchange (SIX).

2.1 Basis of preparation

The consolidated financial statements of dormakaba Group comply with Swiss law and have been prepared using the historical cost convention, except as disclosed in the accounting policies below, and in accordance with the entire existing guidelines of Swiss GAAP FER (Generally Accepted Accounting Principles FER / FER = Fachempfehlung zur Rechnungslegung). Furthermore, the accounting complies with the provisions of the listing rules of the SIX and the Swiss company law. The financial statements are presented in Swiss Francs (CHF).

The accounting policies have been applied consistently by Group companies. In the year under review, no changes to the Swiss GAAP FER standards have been announced or released. A summary of the significant accounting policies is provided below.

2.2 Basis of consolidation

The consolidated financial statements of dormakaba Group include the operations of dormakaba Holding AG and all direct and indirect subsidiaries. The Group controls an entity when the Group is exposed to, or has rights to variable returns from its involvement with the entity and has the ability to affect those returns through its power over the entity. The consolidated accounts are based on the annual financial statements of the individual subsidiaries. All companies follow uniform measurement and reporting practices prescribed by the Group. Applying the full consolidation method, the assets, liabilities, income, and expenses of all subsidiaries are included in their entirety. Minority interests in equity and profit are disclosed separately. Subsidiaries are consolidated from the date on which control is acquired. The identifiable assets and liabilities are revalued and included according to the acquisition method. Any difference between the cost of acquisition and the fair value of the Group’s share of net assets acquired constitutes goodwill. Subsidiaries sold are excluded from consolidation from the date on which control ceases. All intercompany balances, transactions and intercompany profits are eliminated on consolidation. Investments in associates and joint ventures where dormakaba Group exercises significant influence, but does not have control, normally with an interest between 20% and 50%, are accounted for using the equity method of accounting. Under the equity method, investments in associated companies and joint ventures are initially recognized at cost, and the carrying amount is increased or decreased to recognize dormakaba Group’s share of the profit or loss of the investee after the date of acquisition. Profit and loss are attributed to the owners of the parent and to the minority interests even if this results in a deficit balance. Investments in which dormakaba does not have significant influence (usually in which dormakaba Group’s interest is less than 20%) are recorded at cost.

Companies acquired or established or those in which the Group increases its interest and thereby obtains control during the year are consolidated from the date of formation or date on which control commences. Companies are deconsolidated from the date that control effectively ceases upon disposal or a reduction in ownership interest. This rule is applied to investments in associates likewise.

In the event that shares of a Group or associated companies are sold, the difference between the proceeds from the sale and the proportional book value of the net assets, including historical goodwill, is recognized as a gain or loss in the income statement.

The Group treats transactions with minority interests that do not result in a loss of control as transactions with equity owners of the Group. A change in ownership interest results in an adjustment between the carrying amounts of the controlling and minority interests to reflect their relative interests in the subsidiary.

2.3 Use of estimates

The preparation of financial statements in accordance with Swiss GAAP FER requires the use of estimates and assumptions which have an effect on the reported value of assets and liabilities, disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities at the date of the financial statements, and on the reported value of revenues and expenses during the reporting period. Although these estimates are based on the Management’s best knowledge of current events and actions dormakaba Group may undertake in the future, actual results may ultimately differ from those estimates. Such estimates are applied to the following balance sheet positions, among others:

• Deferred tax assets are created for temporary differences provided that their utilization appears probable. The recoverable amount is therefore based on past performance and forecasts of the corresponding taxable entity over a period of several years. Deviations between actual and projected results can cause impairment losses. For information on carrying amounts see note 23.
• dormakaba operates pension plans in various countries. The calculation of pension provisions from plans without own assets is based on actuarial assumptions that may differ from actual results. For information on carrying amounts see note 21.
• When testing assets for impairment, the recoverable amount is determined on the basis of expected future cash flows. The main assumptions on which these cash flows are based include growth rates and expected useful life. The cash flows actually generated can differ considerably from the estimates.
• In the course of their ordinary operating activities, Group companies can face claims from third parties. Provisions for pending claims are measured on the basis of the information available and a realistic estimate of the expected outflow of resources. The outcome of these proceedings may result in claims against the Group that cannot be met at all or in full through provisions or insurance cover. For information on carrying amounts see note 20.
• A restructuring is a program that is planned and controlled by the Management and materially changes the manner in which the business is conducted. Restructuring provisions are created when detailed formal plans are established and decided. Significant judgment is required to determine the costs of restructuring plans.

2.4 Foreign currency translation

The consolidated financial statements are presented in Swiss Francs (CHF), which is dormakaba Group’s presentation currency. Items included in the financial statements of each dormakaba Group company are measured using the currency of the primary economic environment in which that company operates (the functional currency).

Foreign currency transactions are translated into the functional currency using the exchange rates prevailing at the dates of the transactions. Foreign exchange gains and losses resulting from the settlement of such transactions and from the translation of monetary assets and liabilities denominated in foreign currencies at year-end exchange rates are recognized in the income statement.

Assets and liabilities of subsidiaries reporting in currencies other than CHF are translated at the rates of exchange prevailing at the balance sheet date. Income, expenses, cash flows, and other movement items are translated at average exchange rates for the period. All resulting exchange differences are recognized in equity. On consolidation, exchange differences arising from the translation of the net investment in foreign companies and from borrowings and other currency instruments designated as hedges of such investments are taken to equity. When a foreign operation is sold, exchange differences that were recorded in equity are recycled to the income statement as part of the gain or loss on sale.

Significant exchange rates are in the table below: rates in CHF for 1 foreign currency unit.

2.5 Cash and cash equivalents

Cash includes petty cash, cash at banks, and cash on deposit. Cash equivalents include term deposits with banks and short-term money market investments carried at market value, both with original maturity dates of three months or less.

2.6 Financial assets

Long-term held securities are recorded at fair value. All realized and unrealized gains and losses are recognized in the income statements. Other non-current financial assets are stated at amortized cost less valuation adjustments.

2.7 Trade receivables

Short-term accounts receivable are stated at nominal value less allowance for doubtful accounts. The amount of the allowance is the difference between the asset’s carrying amount and the present value of estimated future cash flows. It is assessed based on maturity structure and identifiable solvency risks.

2.8 Inventories

Inventories are valued at the lower of purchase / manufacturing cost and net realizable value. Cost is determined using the weighted average method. Manufacturing cost includes direct labor and material as well as a commensurate share of related overhead cost. Allowances are made for obsolete and slow-moving items. Cash discounts from suppliers are treated as purchase cost reductions.

2.9 Property, plant and equipment

Property, plant and equipment are recorded at cost less accumulated depreciation. Subsequent costs are included in the asset’s carrying amount or recognized as a separate asset, as appropriate, only when it is probable that future economic benefits associated with the item will flow to the Group and the cost of the item can be measured reliably. The carrying amount of the replaced part is derecognized. All other repairs and maintenance are charged to the income statement during the financial period in which they are incurred. Depreciation is computed using the straight-line method based on the following estimated useful lives:

• Buildings 20 – 50 years
• Machinery, equipment, installations, and tools 4 – 15 years
• Other tangible fixed assets 3 – 15 years

Land is not depreciated. Where an asset comprises various components having different useful lives, each component is depreciated separately. Items of minor value are charged directly to the income statement. All gains and losses on disposal of property, plant and equipment are recognized in the income statement.

2.10 Intangible assets

Intangible assets embodying future economic benefits, such as acquired licenses, patents and similar rights as well as qualifying development costs are capitalized at cost and amortized using the straight-line method over a period of 2 – 5 years. Goodwill represents the excess of the consideration transferred, the amount of any non-controlling interest in the acquiree and the acquisition date book value of any previous equity interest in the acquiree over the fair value of the Group’s share of the identifiable net assets acquired. Only intangible assets purchased separately are recognized as part of an acquisition. The positive or negative goodwill resulting from acquisitions is offset in equity at the date of acquisition against retained earnings.

If the purchase price contains elements that are dependent on future results, they are estimated as accurately as possible at the date of acquisition and recognized in the balance sheet. In the event of disparities when the definitive purchase price is settled, the goodwill offset in equity is adjusted accordingly. The consequences of a theoretical capitalization and amortization of goodwill are explained in note 15.

On the disposal of an entity, the goodwill previously offset in equity is transferred to the income statement.

All research costs are recognized in the income statement as incurred. Development costs are recognized as an asset when specific recognition criteria are met and the amount recognized is assessed to be recoverable through future economic benefits.

2.11 Impairment of assets

Property, plant and equipment, goodwill offset against equity, intangible assets, and other non-current assets are tested for impairment whenever events or changes in circumstances indicate that the carrying amount may not be recoverable.

For the purpose of testing impairment, goodwill and other assets are grouped in cash-generating units for which cash flows are separately identifiable. The Group estimates the recoverable amount of those cash-generating units, which generally represent their value in use. Value in use is assessed using the discounted cash flow method. The estimates used in these calculations are based on updated budgets and medium-term plans covering a period of three years. Cash flows beyond the projection period are extrapolated in perpetuity.

When the carrying amount exceeds its recoverable amount, an impairment loss is recognized separately in the income statement. The recoverable amount is the higher of fair value less cost of disposal and value in use.

As goodwill is fully offset against equity at the date of acquisition, an impairment of goodwill will not affect income, but only be disclosed in the notes to the consolidated financial statements.

2.12 Leases

Assets acquired under leasing agreements which effectively transfer substantially all the risks and rewards incidental to ownership from the lessor to the lessee are classified as finance leases. Assets held under finance leases are recorded at the lower of the estimated net present value of the future minimum lease payments and their fair value at the inception of the lease. The estimated net present value of the future minimum lease payments is recorded correspondingly as a finance lease obligation. Assets under finance leases are amortized over their estimated useful lives. Operating lease payments are charged to income on a straight-line basis over the lease term.

2.13 Net sales and revenue recognition

Net sales include all sales of goods and related services, after deduction of any sales reductions including rebates, discounts, value-added taxes, and commissions.

Sales from supplied goods and services are recognized upon performance. Sales of goods are recognized when dormakaba Group has delivered the products to the customer, the customer has accepted the products, and it is probable that future economic benefits will flow to the entity.

Sales from long-term construction contracts are recognized using the percentage-of-completion method. The stage of completion is measured by reference to the proportion of contract costs incurred for work performed to date relative to the estimated total costs for the contract. Revenue from individual and separate definable performance obligations are assessed and recognized separately.

2.14 Retirement benefits

There are various pension plans in existence within the Group which are individually aligned with local conditions in their respective countries. They are financed either by means of contributions to legally independent pension/insurance funds, or by recognition as liabilities in the balance sheet of the respective Group companies. An economical obligation or a benefit from Swiss pension schemes is determined from the statements made on the basis of Swiss GAAP FER 26 “Accounting of Pension Plans” and recognized in the balance sheet accordingly.

The provision for pension plans of foreign subsidiaries which are not organized as an independent legal entity is determined based on the local valuation methods.

2.15 Provisions

Provisions are recognized

• when the Group has a present obligation (legal or constructive) as a result of a past event;
• when it is probable that a use of resources will be required to settle the obligation; and
• when the amount of the obligation can be reliably estimated.

Costs relating to restructuring plans or agreements, including the reduction of excess staffing, the discontinuation of certain activities or the streamlining of facilities and operations and other restructuring measures, are recorded in the period in which the Group commits itself to a plan.

2.16 Financial liabilities

Financial liabilities measured at amortized cost are initially recorded at fair value, net of transaction costs incurred and subsequently measured at amortized cost. Any difference between the proceeds of disposal (net of transaction costs) and the redemption value is recognized in the income statement over the period of the borrowings using the effective interest method.

2.17 Bonds

Bonds are initially recorded at issue price net of issue costs. Issue costs and any discount or premium are recognized in the financial result of the income statement over the period of the respective bond.

2.18 Income taxes

Current income taxes are based on taxable income for the current year and charged to income when incurred. Deferred income taxes are determined using the liability method, with the applicable substantially enacted income tax rates applied on a comprehensive basis to eligible temporary differences. Deferred income tax assets from temporary differences are only recognized to the extent that it is probable that future taxable profit will be available against which the temporary differences can be utilized. Deferred income taxes resulting from tax loss carryforwards applicable to future taxable income are only recognized to the extent of available deferred tax liabilities.

2.19 Earnings per share

Basic earnings per share are calculated by dividing net profit attributable to owners of the parent by the weighted average number of shares outstanding during the reporting period. Diluted earnings per share also include all potentially dilutive effects.

2.20 Derivative financial instruments

Derivative financial instruments for hedging purposes of balance sheet items are valued at the same valuation principles as the underlying hedged positions.

The fair value of derivative financial instruments for cash flow hedging purposes is disclosed in the note 26.

2.21 Risk assessment and risk management

The tasks of the Board of Directors include identifying risks, determining suitable measures, and implementing these measures or having them implemented. The Board of Directors of dormakaba Holding AG conducted a Group-wide risk assessment in the year under review and also determined the risks to be managed at particular management levels. The Board of Directors is closely involved in assessing strategic risks and through dialogue with the Executive Committee ensures that operating risks are given due attention and reported accordingly. This approach gives the Board a comprehensive overview of the key risks and measures. With this overview, the Group is able to prioritize and allocate the necessary resources.

Financial risk policy

The dormakaba Group is exposed to various risks in connection with financial instruments, in particular to market risks of fluctuations in foreign exchange rates and interest rates. The Management monitors these risks on a regular basis. In managing the exposure resulting from such fluctuations, the dormakaba Group uses derivative financial instruments wherever the Management deems it appropriate to do so given the prevailing circumstances. The counterparties involved are high-ranking financial institutions.

The dormakaba Group enters only into financial transactions to hedge an associated risk out of balance sheet or highly probable future business transactions. No uncovered short transactions are entered.

In addition, the dormakaba Group is exposed to liquidity risk and credit risk. Risk management also involves securing comprehensive and efficient insurance protection.

Foreign exchange risk

The dormakaba Group is active all over the world and is therefore exposed to fluctuations in foreign exchange rates. Foreign exchange risks arise when future commercial transactions, recognized financial assets and liabilities, and net investments in foreign operations are denominated in a currency that is not the entity’s functional currency.

A lot of Group companies are exposed to foreign exchange risks. The intercompany invoicing concentrates the foreign exchange risks to the manufacturing companies. The use of a group netting system with intercompany payment terms of up to 60 days reduces the intercompany exposure and foreign exchange risk. The significant third party and intercompany cross-currency exposures are reduced through natural hedges or hedged with financial instruments. The foreign exchange exposures are derived from a 12 month rolling liquidity planning.

Foreign exchange risks on intercompany loans are covered to a large extent by forward exchange contracts.

The dormakaba Group does not actively manage the translation risk arising from net investment in foreign currencies.

Interest rate risk

The dormakaba Group’s interest rate risk arises from its short-term and long-term borrowings. This interest rate risk is only hedged in limited cases. The Management strives for a well-balanced mix of long- and short-term interest rates considering the planned financing requirements. Financing and related interest are managed centrally. Cash and cash equivalents are invested on a short-term basis.

Liquidity risk

The liquidity risk is the risk that the dormakaba Group will be unable to meet its obligations when they fall due. The Group Treasury function ensures that optimal liquidity and credit lines are available to the Group’s operations at any time to meet its obligations and to finance its projects. Procurement of bank loans is managed centrally.

Credit risk

Credit risks arise from the possibility that the counterparty to a transaction is unable or unwilling to fulfill its obligations and that the dormakaba Group suffers financial damage as a result.

Trade receivables are monitored on an ongoing basis locally and via Group management reporting procedures. The danger of cluster risks on trade accounts receivable is limited due to the large number and wide geographical spread of customers. The extent of the credit risk is determined mainly by the individual characteristics of each customer. Assessment of this risk involves a review of the customer’s creditworthiness based on its financial situation and past experience.

Cash and cash equivalents are mainly held in the form of current accounts and current fixed-term deposits. Counterparty risks are monitored continuously and minimized by strictly limiting the associations to high-ranking banks.

2.22 Segment reporting

In accordance with the management organization and the reporting to the Group management level, the reporting segments consist of the businesses as described in note 1. This reporting forms the basis for assessing performance and allocating resources.

Segment accounting is prepared up to the level of EBITDA / EBIT because these are the key figures used for management purposes. All operating assets and liabilities that are directly attributable or can be allocated on a reasonable basis are reported in the respective segments. With the exception of central costs, which are not allocated to the individual segments for internal reporting purposes, the segment results are based on the same accounting principles that are used to determine the operating profit of the Group.

Intersegment transactions are based on the arm’s length principle.

2.23 Share-based payments

Stock award plans

The fair value of the employee services received in exchange for shares is measured at fair value of the shares at the grant date and recognized as an expense with a corresponding entry in equity. Expenses for shares that vest immediately are recognized accordingly. Shares that are subject to future services are recognized over the vesting period.

Earnings per share is calculated based on profit attributable to the owners of the parent only. Net profit attributable to minority interests is not taken into account. Minority shareholders hold 47.5% of the shares of dormakaba Holding GmbH + Co. KGaA, which is a direct subsidiary of the Group parent dormakaba Holding AG, which holds the remaining 52.5%.

Klaus Group

On May 9 2018, dormakaba acquired Klaus Group, based in Lima (Peru). With its key blanks as well as other brass products Klaus Group is a market leader for key systems in South America.

The following table summarizes the consideration paid for the business and the amounts of the assets and liabilities acquired recognized at fair value at the acquisition date.

Cambaum Group

On 26 April 2018, dormakaba acquired the Commercial Building Physical Access Solutions (PAS) business from Beijing-based Cambaum Group. The integration of Cambaum Group's business team, products and service solution offering strengthens dormakaba's position in the smart commercial buildings market within a number of fast growing major cities in China.

The following table summarizes the consideration paid for the business and the amounts of the assets and liabilities acquired recognized at fair value at the acquisition date.

Dorset Kaba

As per 9 April 2018 dormakaba and the Indian joint venture partner have agreed to divide their existing shareholding in Dorset Kaba among them, thus dissolving the joint venture that was initiated by former Kaba Group in 2007 to gain a foothold in the attractive Indian market.

In this regard the minority shares of 26% owned by the Indian partner Dorset Industries Pvt Ltd. were purchased and the net assets related to the local door hardware business sold in return. The activities in the dormakaba's core business (mainly lodging products, physical access systems) remain within the dormakaba Group.

The following table summarizes the considerations paid and received as well as the net assets divested. The resulting net goodwill of CHF 1.9 million was recognized in equity.

Kilargo

On 17 July 2017, dormakaba acquired Kilargo Pty Ltd, based in Brisbane (Australia). Kilargo is one of the market leaders in Australia for commercial door seals and complements dormakaba’s integrated portfolio of products, solutions, and services in the Pacific region.

The following table summarizes the consideration paid for the business and the amounts of the assets and liabilities acquired recognized at fair value at the acquisition date.

Skyfold

On 13 July 2017, dormakaba acquired Skyfold Investment Inc., based in Montreal (Canada). The company, with its well-known brand, was the first worldwide to develop vertical folding walls. Skyfold is a provider of automated vertical folding wall systems with a strong presence in the North American market. With this acquisition dormakaba enhances its product portfolio, following the industry trend towards automated systems.

The following table summarizes the consideration paid for the business and the amounts of the assets and liabilities acquired recognized at fair value at the acquisition date.

GMT

GMT Hardware Co. Ltd. (Shanghai/China) was divested on 29 September 2017. GMT offers commercial door hardware products, such as floor hinges for glass doors and door fittings, in China and became member of dormakaba as part of the acquisition of Stanley Black&Decker’s mechanical security business in February 2017. Because of dormakaba's existing portfolio of businesses in Asia as well as profitability prospects of GMT, it was concluded to divest the business.

The following table summarizes the consideration received and the net assets divested. The negative goodwill of CHF 5.1 million was recognized in equity.

Other acquisitions / divestments in the reporting period

Divestment DORMA Beschlagtechnik GmbH, Germany

DORMA Beschlagtechnik (Velbert/DE) was sold as at 10 July 2017 to Flacks Group, Miami (Florida/USA). The divested net assets amounted to CHF 9.4 million. A contingent liability related to this transaction depending on the future development of the business remains with dormakaba.

Prior-year business combinations and divestments

Best Access Solutions

On 22 February 2017, dormakaba acquired certain Mechanical Security businesses from Stanley Black & Decker in North America, Taiwan, and China.

With this acquisition, dormakaba gains substantial scale in line with its stated strategy and can offer the full portfolio of door hardware and access control solutions to customers in the important North American market, which dormakaba considers to be the most attractive market in its industry.

The following table summarizes the consideration paid for these businesses and the amounts of the assets acquired and liabilities assumed recognized at the acquisition date.

As per 22 February 2017, goodwill was decreased by net CHF 0.5 million due to changes in various identifiable net assets and final purchase price adjustments.

Mesker Openings Group

On 12 December 2016, dormakaba acquired Mesker ­Openings Group, based in Huntsville (Alabama / USA). Mesker is a provider of commercial door hardware. With this ­acquisition, dormakaba strengthens its breadth of its product offering in North America.

The following table summarizes the consideration paid for Mesker and the amounts of the assets acquired and ­liabilities assumed recognized at the acquisition date.

Other acquisitions/divestments

Acquisition of ATM Türautomatik GmbH, Austria

On 1 July 2016, dormakaba acquired ATM Türautomatik GmbH (Gleisdorf / AT). ATM is a distributor of automatic doors in southern Austria and a major local player in entrance systems and service solutions. The acquired net assets amounted to CHF 0.9 million.

Acquisition of Seca Solutions A/S, Norway

On 28 February 2017, dormakaba acquired Seca Solutions AS, an expert in physical access control and airport solutions in Norway. The acquired net assets amounted to CHF 0.8 million.

Divestment of Ascot Doors Ltd, United Kingdom

Ascot Doors Ltd (Bolton / UK) was divested on 31 October 2016 as part of the post-merger process of the dormakaba business combination. Ascot is a manufacturer and installer of steel doors and shutters. The divested net assets amounted to CHF 3.6 million.

Divestment of the sanitary business of Provitris GmbH, Germany

The sanitary business of Provitris was divested on 20 February 2017 as part of the post-merger process of the dormakaba business combination. The divested net assets amounted to CHF 0.9 million and a contingent liability related to this transaction depending on the future development of the business remains with dormakaba.

The weighted applicable tax rate is calculated using the expected income tax rates of the individual Group companies in each jurisdiction. These rates vary significantly. The weighted applicable tax rate is 300 basis points below prior year as a result of the US tax reform (effective as of 1 January 2018) and profit from countries with higher than average tax rates contributing less to the overall Group’s tax profit.

The creditworthiness of not yet due and not impaired accounts receivable is considered good, based on the low losses in the past.

Allowances are recorded systematically based on overdue ageing and past experience. In addition accounts receivable are individually impaired in case of clear evidence of insolvency or other indications that collectability is severely endangered.

The Group does not hold material collateral as security for trade receivables.

Allowances for inventories are recorded in cases of incongruity between inventory levels and expected consumption on an item-by-item basis. These allowances are released if and as soon as the requested consumption is reached.

Intangible assets: additions to cost include CHF 2.2 million (2016 / 17 CHF 1.4 million) invested in research and development projects.

The total goodwill of CHF 145.0 million (2016/17 CHF 659.3 million) resulting from acquisitions is offset in equity as described in note 2.10 and disclosed in the consolidated statement of changes in equity. The following tables show the impact on equity and net profit based on the assumption that this goodwill had been capitalized and amortized over a period of five years.

Effect on the income statement

Effect on the balance sheet